Machinery products

The mechanical definition
According to instruction set (Article1.2 ), where the components and a combined body. Which is at least partially to the processing of raw materials, processing handling or packing purposes, and through appropriate actuator, the controller or the circuit and the movement, both called [ machine].
[ machine] a word also included in order to achieve the processing of raw materials, processing, handling, packaging, integrated function and the arrangement and control of the machine group. In addition, some in use to ensure the safety of the components, and the components if failure would endanger personnel exposed to the health or safety of security components [ ], also belong to this directive contains general machinery.
Machinery directive product range
According to the instructions are provided, each of the following machinery does not belong to the scope of the directive ( Article ):
Design and manufacture of a passenger elevator and / or transporting device, regardless of the load or not, but attached lifting operator is equipped with industrial trucks except.
The only human to direct power machinery, machinery for stacking goods except for.
The direct contact with patients medical machinery.
Used for open-air square or park special equipment,
The steam boiler and pressure vessel, tank,
The nuclear energy use and special design or application of machinery, such as unexpected events will lead to the radiation leakage,
The radiation parts machine parts,
So, light weapons,
The gasoline, diesel, and flammable liquid and dangerous goods storage tank and pipeline,
The transportation tools : are those by highway, railway, waterway and in the air and other public transport network to transport personnel and / or goods vehicle and trailers, all of which are considered as means of transport. But mining industry uses transport vehicles are included in the instruction.
It is equipped with the relevant equipment ships and offshore mobile equipment.
The public or private transport, manned lifting rope pulling cable and the cable car.
Agriculture forest machine, details such as 74 / 150EEC bulletin instruction first paragraph (1 ), the European city to reconcile wheeled agricultural or forest machine type certification of the relevant law defines, the directive 88 / 29 / EEC final communique instruction ( 2) correction.
It especially for military or police by the design and manufacture of machine,
Permanent use in the building or buildings, in a specific range of height of lift. The activities of the carriage is fixed on the horizontal angle over and above 15O guide rail, and the design used to transport:
- staff,
- personnel and cargo,
- goods, but has a staff of accessibility. That is to say people can easily enter therein, and the control part is located in the carriage, and personnel within reach.
For manned, and with a small gear and rack mounting vehicle.
- mining twisted with,
Lift - theater,
Construction site with crane, used for manned or persons and goods.
And in addition, the 392 instruction and mechanical or mechanical related security risk, if all or part of the remaining instructions for EC covers, and by the instruction execution situation, this command is no longer applicable or shall cease to apply to these products.
Mechanical requirements and suggestions
General mechanical hazards mainly from the following four parts:
In 1, the normal use of processing machinery, such as processing easy rebound and injure staff, then processing machinery design and manufacturing should be able to prevent the processing of the rebound, to avoid harm;
2, such as processing machine stop running, and the cutter contact is still dangerous, processing machinery must be equipped with automatic stop device, to ensure that the cutter in a very short period of time in a stop state;
3, as with cutting tools processing machinery is not fully automated equipment, its design and manufacturing should prevent wounding incident occurred; or the use of circular section of the cutter and its cutting thickness, harm is kept at a minimum.
4, mechanical hazards: mainly from the motion component, including motor shaft and a transmission mechanism caused by extrusion, shear or twisted into the dangerous. Recommend the use of fixed or mobile shield to prevent staff close to the danger zone,
The head of the sewing machine in the design should consider several suggestions:
1, in the process of using needle fracture cause rebound will hurt the artificial persons, even playing to the eye, can use to increase the shield or guard sheet to achieve.
In 2, a tip will also require the retaining means.
In 3, and increase the protective cover belt.
Injection molding machine should consider a few points:
1: Safety requirements, components and functions related to the control circuit in the design, selection and assembly process must use mature technology components, namely in similar applications have been widely and successfully used, or are based on the reliable safety standards for manufacturing components, and the use of mature technology. Safety control circuit to be able to withstand the anticipated operating strength, able to bear in the running process of the working medium and the influence of external environment influence. The use of mature technology components, namely in similar applications have been widely and successfully used, or are based on the reliable safety standards for manufacturing components, and the use of mature technology. In the design of the circuit, should adopt the work is safe and reliable components, the components can not consider the possibility of failure. At the same time, in order to avoid short circuit, reducing the failure rate, identify the fault type, fault detection and avoidance of exactly two faults, can be used as: isolation circuit, full capacity, when the fault timely open power, good grounding measures.
2, machine safety requirements: stop equipment safety protection, its core is to make the machine stop dangerous actions, how will the equipment from run to stop is very important. According to the use of the safety protection device is different, can have different safety stop function. In normal operation the stop function, must be able to avoid the equipment, process and product is damaged, and to prevent the machine equipment is restarted, it is safe to stop function requirements.
In the standard EN60204-1 section 9.2.2, provided three stop categories:
Category 0: stop by immediately cut off the supply of machinery and equipment power supply to stop, or stopping uncontrolled.
1 - stop categories: controlled stop, supply equipment actuator power supply has been maintained, so that the machine equipment gradually stop. Only when the machine stopped completely after power is cut off.
2 - stop categories: controlled stop, supply equipment driving device power remained.
In 1, the right to stop the category selection, must be based on the equipment carried by the risk on the basis of the analysis, which in the prEN954-1 : 1994 standards specified in the.
2, all equipment must have stopped the category 0 stop function. Stop classes 1 and / or 2 stop function only in the equipment safety and functional requirements necessary to use.
3, control device use: in many high risk equipment, such as forging equipment, punching equipment, will use two hand control device. Control device which belongs to the electric susceptibility of type safety protection device, its role is when someone in the operation of machinery and equipment, to the machinery and equipment a dangerous action signal, forcing it to use two hands simultaneously, thus must stay in one place, it can ensure the safety of.
In 4, the safe distance solution: A available safety door lock switch, the electric susceptibility of type safety protection device, safe carpet and hands controller to realize B in machinery and equipment protection, in addition to the use of safe and reliable protection components, for very dangerous machinery and equipment, but also the safety protection control circuit to make some requirements, to improve safety protection level, such as: safety monitor module
5, the use of safe carpet: the equipment safety protection, on some occasions is not a security fence and safety protective door danger zones security protection, such as in a number of large injection molding machine, often need to machine maintenance and adjustment, this time is needed to ensure that the outside cannot start the machine, this situation is obviously not the use of safe protective door. In addition, in some need and can use the safe protective door of the occasion, for reasons of convenience and aesthetic considerations, there may not be willing to adopt safe protective door. In the above two cases, in order to achieve the danger zones security protection, can use the contact type safety protection device. In this kind of safety protection device, safe carpet is very characteristic, but also the application of a very wide range.
Machinery safety assessment criteria
The European Union in addition to draw different kinds of product safety, the other has issued many different product safety standards. Some are applied to a specific product, some are suitable for a number of products of universal assessment rule.
Machinery directive, approximately may divide into the following several types of standard:
Type A standard ( basic safety standards ) : gives the basic concept, design principles and applies to all machines in general.
For example:
EN292-1: standards for safety of machinery basic concepts and general principles for design
Part I: basic terminology, methods
EN292-2: standards for safety of machinery basic concepts and general principles for design
Part second: technical principles and description
EN1050: safety of machinery - Principles of risk assessment
Type B standard ( group safety standards ): treatment of a security or a related safety facilities, the facilities can be widely used in a variety of machinery:
Standard B1 type: specific safety ( for example: a safe distance, surface temperature, noise )
For example:
EN294: safety of machinery - prevention of upper extremity and dangerous area of safe distance
EN811: safety of machinery - the prevention of lower extremity and dangerous area of safe distance
Type B2: according to the related safety facilities ( such as: control, interlocking device, a pressure sensing device, the shield )
EN1088: safety of machinery - with / without cover locking and interlocking device
- General principles for design and provisions
EN953: safety of machinery - Guards ( fixed / mobile ) design and construction general specifications
Type C standard ( machine safety standard ): given a particular machine or the machine group safety requirement.
For example:
EN201: plastic / rubber injection molding machines - Safety requirements
EN692: mechanical punch safety requirements
EN693: hydraulic presses safety requirements
EN860: single-sided wood planing machine safety requirements
EN869: metal casting machine safety requirements
EN982: Safety requirements for hydraulic system
EN983: pressure systems safety requirements
EN1493: Auto Lift Safety requirements
EN12415: small lathe safety requirements
EN12417: comprehensive processing machine safety requirements
EN12478: Safety requirements for large lathe
EN12717: drilling safety requirements